Caltha palustris, Marsh marigold, is one of the earliest blooming spring ephemerals in a wetland. Carex comosa , Bristly sedge, is a member of the sedge family has a bristly bloom that acts like Velcro. Carex crinata , Fringed sedge, is a common sedge of cooler northern climates. This clump forming bold textured sedge has medium green foliage and a decorative seed head resembling medieval weaponry. Carex intumescens , Bladder sedge, is similar in appearance to Carex grayi , found growing in shady bottomland hardwood forests.
Carex lupulina , Hop sedge, is a tall, shade tolerant sedge that has similar but longer seed heads than Carex intumescens. Carex lurida , Lurid sedge, is a versatile lower growing sedge that forms dense tufted colonies in full sun and loose patches in the shade. Carex muskingumensis , musk sedge, is found in moist meadows and along streams.
Carex scoparia , Pointed broom sedge, is an attractive clumping sedge with fine textured foliage. Carex stricta , Tussock sedge, is one of the most elegant, fine textured sedges. Carex vulpinoidea , Fox sedge, is aptly named for its fox tail like seed head. Cephalanthus occidentalis , Buttonbush, is one of the most important native shrubs for helping to preserve water quality and for enhancing wildlife habitat. Chasmanthium latifolium, Northern sea oats.
Chelone glabra , White turtle head, is a deer resistant perennial perfect for shaded or woodland gardens with moist soil. Cinna arundinacea , Wood reedgrass, is a strong competitor against Japanese stilt grass! Cyperus esculentus, Nutsedge, is often mistaken as a grass. Decodon verticillatus , Water willow, is a perennial herb with a woody base at the bottom of its arching leafy stems. Dulichium arundinaceum , Three way sedge, is one of the easier to identify sedges. Eleocharis acicularis , Least spikerush, is a perennial with smooth round solid stems which form an oval spike flower on the tips.
Eleocharis obtusa , Spike rush, is typically one of the first colonizers of a freshly dug storm water basin or pond. Eleocharis palustris , Creeping spikerush, is a perennial colonizer which forms a dense root mass along pond shores creeping out into " of water.
Eleocharis parvula , Dwarf spikerush, is a perennial with smooth round solid stems which form an oval spike flower on the tips. Eleocharis quadrangulata , Four squarerush, is a PA endangered plant. Elymus hystrix , Bottle brush grass, grows in a wide range of soil conditions including heavy clay with dry to medium hydrology. Elymus riparius , Riverbank wild rye, is aptly named for its utility when doing streambank or riverbank rehabilitation. Elymus virginicus or Virginia wild rye is a versatile shade tolerant cool season grass which grows just over 3' tall and offers great perennial competition against Japanese stiltgrass.
Equisetum fluviatile , Water horsetail, is a fairly slender medium-sized Equisetum growing ' tall in dense dark green colonies along shorelines and shallow water. Equisetum hyemale , Horsetail, spreads from creeping rhizomes in an extremely wide range of soils from full sun to part shade.
Equisetum scirpoides , Dwarf horsetail, is a slender small-sized Equisetum growing less than 1' tall in dense dark green colonies along shorelines and shallow water. Eryngium aquaticum , Marsh rattlesnake-master, is an attractive silver blue flowering perennial that is widely underused in sunny poorly drained or wetland areas. Eupatorium fistulosum , Joe pye weed, is a ' tall yet graceful plant which prefers moist areas and has a tolerance for a variety of soils.
Eupatorium perfoliatum , Boneset, is one of the most widespread of our native wetland wildflowers. Eutrochium fistulosum, Joe Pye Weed, is a ' tall yet graceful plant which prefers moist areas and has a tolerance for a variety of soils. Glyceria canadensis, Canada Manna Grass, is a handsome rhizomatous perennial grass that thrives in moist areas and is perfect for wet meadows.
Glyceria striata , Fowl mannagrass, can be found in marshes, wet banks, damp woods, and occasionally in shallow water. Helianthus angustifolius , Swamp sunflower, is a narrow leaf perennial sunflower that will thrive in moist soil with full sun to part shade. Heliopsis helianthoides , Ox-eye sunflower, blooms with a multitude of seemingly never ending yellow daisy-like blossoms. The Mud Plantain's thick spade-shaped green leaves may be found above or below the water surface along pond margins, mud flats, and marshes.
Heteranthera reniformis , Floating leaf mud plantain, has bright green glossy almost kidney-shaped leaves growing on sprawling stems with delicate light blue flowers during summer and early fall.
Flowers open about 3 hours after Hibiscus moscheutos , Swamp rose-mallow, is a fast growing cold-hardy plant. Striking when grown in colonies in average to moist soil in wetlands, on pond edges and along streambanks.
Growing ' tall in full sun, Sw Hippuris vulgaris , Mare's tail, has the appearance of a pleasant green bottlebrush growing in patches found primarily in the shallow areas of ponds, lakes, streams or any wet muddy shore where water levels fluctuate.
The flowers of Hi Hydrocotyle ranunculoides , Pennywort, is a quick colonizer producing a nice thick mass of scalloped 2-inch leaves growing from running rhizomes in full sun to part shade.
Pennywort has relatively insignificant small powder puff Iris fulva , Copper iris, has arching bright green leaves growing from shallowly rooted compact rhizomes that can form large clumps. Copper iris is the perfect plant for moist to wet soils in full sun but also to Iris prismatica , Blue iris, is similar to Iris versicolor except for the narrower leaves. This hardy lakeshore perennial herb is typically found in shallow waters of pond edges, sedge meadows, marshes, alon Iris versicolor , Blue flag iris, is a hardy lakeshore herbacious perennial typically found in the shallow waters of pond edges, sedge meadows, marshes, along stream banks and in forested moist soil wetlands.
Blue flag iris forms Juncus canadensis , Canada rush, grows well in swampy meadows, boggy sites, and pond margins. Growing from ' tall, the inflorescence of Canada rush branches from a single point on the stem from July Juncus effusus , Soft rush, is a striking perennial wetland plant that grows up to 3' tall in full sun to part shade.
The bright green cylindrical stems of Juncus effusus are fairly soft. Stems taper to a bristle and r Juncus gerardii , Saltmeadow rush, is a perennial wetland plant that grows on tide lines and along waterways from vigorous rhizomes forming small upright stands just over 1' tall. The rigid stems of Saltmeado Justicia americana , Water willow, grows from creeping rhizomes in large dense colonies submerged along the shorelines of lakes, ponds, and standing water.
The hardiest of the Justicia species, the Water willow grows ' t Leersia oryzoides , Rice cut grass, is a rhizomatous perennial grass growing from ' tall. The leaves of Rice cut grass form a very rough minutely toothed edge that makes it unpalatable to many herbivore mammals Lobelia cardinalis, Cardinal Flower, is a relatively short-lived herbaceous perennial that grows in nice clumps from ' tall and less than 1' in diameter.
The stems and leaves of Cardinal Flower have a soft purplish tin Lobelia syphilitica , Great blue lobelia, is an herbaceous perennial that grows in nice clumps from ' tall. The upright stems of Great blue lobelia produce a striking blue flower head which creates a wonderful Ludwigia palustris, Marsh Purslane, is a creeping aquatic perennial that grows along shorelines, in shallow water, and moist soils.
The leaves of Marsh Purslane are highly variable in color, from green to slightly red-tin Menyanthes trifoliata, Bogbean, grows in spongy bogs, marshes and shallow water along pond edges.
The fleshy green leaves of Menyanthes trifoliata pop out of the water giving way to a perfect little white flowers with tiny elegant hairs Mimulus ringens, Monkey Flower, produces deep to pale blue to lavender colored flowers with an attractive yellow center. It's named for the flower's resemblance to a monkey's face. The flowers of Mimulus ringens are about an inch a Nelumbo lutea , American yellow lotus, is the only native species of the genus.
Flowers bloom after two successive months of temps degrees. Soft pale yellow flowers 7 - 11" surround a rich yellow center standi Spatterdock is a member of the native floating leaf aquatic community. Nuphar occurs in quiet back waters along tidal creeks and rivers as well as inland ponds and swamps.
It has a oval heart shaped leaves that provide cover and shade for The Fragrant Water lily is one of the most commonly seen water plants. Its natural range is from Newfoundland to the Great lakes, south including Missouri, and Kansas and down to Florida and Texas.
Nymphaea odorata is tolerant of a wide p Onoclea sensibilis, Sensitive fern, is commonly found at the sunny edge of a wet woodland. Once established this rhizomatous fern creates wonderfully textured colonies of lime green. Orontium aquaticum , Golden Club, is a striking aquatic plant. Golden Club has bright yellow flower clusters spadix at the tips. Blooming in April-June Orontium aquaticum is one of the first plants Osmunda regalis, Royal Fern, adds an elegant and royal appearance to any water garden.
Like its cousin the Cinnamon Fern it likes its feet wet and ankles dry and will form its own island like tussock as it matures. Osmunda regalis Panicum virgatum , Panic grass, is a colonizing perennial grass that grows in large clumps ' tall with sturdy, flat, glossy leaf blades. When used in prairies and bottomland sites, Panic grass develops lon Peltandra virginica , Arrow arum, grows in still or slow moving waters of ponds, swamps, marshes, and banks of streams.
The remarkable broad arrow headed leaves with wavy margins reach ' tall in full sun to sha Phyla lanceolata , Northern Frogfruit, is found in wet soils and is particularly common in moist forests, stream banks, and along the shores of rivers and lakes. Its square stem grows from 6"-2'. Small white flowers of Phyla Physostegia virginiana , Obedient plant, gets its name from an unusual trait, when you turn the flowers by pushing them sideways, they stay there. Pink forms are more common, but a white form is shown here.
The plant's Polygonum amphibium, Water Smartweed, is a sprawling perennial with willow-like leaves, reddish stems, and clusters of small flowers found in shallow water along the margins of lakes, ponds, and streams.
The rhizomes of Polygonum a Pontederia cordata, Pickerelweed, is a common sight in quiet fresh water areas. Shallow water is the habitat for this beautiful species. The native forms are usually shades of blue-purple, but we also have the uncommon white f Proserpinaca palustris, water Mermaid, is a native perennial found in swamps, marshes, shores, and ephemeral woodland ponds. When above the waterline, Water Mermaid exhibits leaves that resemble rosemary with serrated ed Ranunculus flammula, Creeping Spearwort, is found in wet soils and is particularly common in moist forests, stream banks, and along the shores of rivers, ponds and lakes.
Ranunculus flammula is a low growing perennial that pro Rosa palustris, Swamp Rose, prefers moist, acidic habitats such as bogs, swamps, the edges of ponds and lakes or any poorly drained wetsoil. Swamp Rose is favored for its 2" fragrant pink flowers which offer nectar to bee Rudbeckia hirta, Black-eyed Susan, grows in moist to dry soil and next to ponds in full sun to part shade.
In this section Plants and animals in wetlands Plants. Topics Water Wetlands Plants and animals in wetlands Plants Plants in wetlands Several thousand plant species grow in wetlands, ranging from mosses and grasses to shrubs and trees. Slide controls:. Page last updated 29 November The following buttons will open a feedback form below Was this page helpful? Yes No. Thank you for your feedback. Would you like to tell us more? Your comments required Tell us what you liked about the page or how it could be improved.
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